Чиновники цивільних державних установ України (кінець ХVIII – перша половина ХІХ ст.): соціокультурний рівень, система заохочень і покарань
ENPUIR - електронний архів наукових публікацій Національного педагогічного університету імені М. П. Драгоманова
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| Title |
Чиновники цивільних державних установ України (кінець ХVIII – перша половина ХІХ ст.): соціокультурний рівень, система заохочень і покарань
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| Creator |
Дегтярьов, Сергій Іванович
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| Subject |
цивільна державна служба
чиновництво України Російська імперія бюрократична система соціокультурні риси система покарань і заохочень state civil service bureaucracy of Ukraine Russian Empire bureaucratic system socio-cultural characteristics system of rewards and punishments 94«477»(17-18) |
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| Description |
Дисертація присвячена комплексному дослідженню соціокультурних характеристик цивільного чиновництва на українських землях, що наприкінці ХVIII – у першій половині ХІХ ст. перебували у складі Російської імперії, а також системи заохочень і покарань, які застосовувалися до цих службовців у вказаний період. Досліджено проблему соціального походження особи у системі державної служби Російської імперії та її специфіку на українських землях, що проявилася під час інкорпорації українського службового прошарку до бюрократичної системи імперії. Розкрито особливості асиміляції чиновництва України з російським управлінським апаратом. Проаналізовано культурно-освітні, вікові особливості цивільних чиновників України та їх вплив на функціонування імперської управлінської галузі. З’ясовано найбільш характерні види зловживань і заохочень цивільних чиновників; специфіку їх застосування; причини негативних явищ у бюрократичному середовищі.
Dissertation is devoted to the study of socio-cultural characteristics of the civil bureaucracy in the Ukrainian lands, that in the end of XVIII - first half XIX centuries were part of the Russian Empire, as well as a system of rewards and punishments, that could be applied to these officials in the analyzed period. In this thesis, we focus on a critical analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature, a wide range of sources including published and unpublished documents and materials, monographs, publications in periodicals, dissertations and abstracts. The most important part of the used sources is unpublished documents and materials that are stored in the central and regional state archives, museum and library holdings. This study is an investigation of a social origin of the individual in the career system of the Russian Empire and its specifics in the Ukrainian lands which appeared during the process of incorporation of the Ukrainian service stratum into the bureaucracy of the Empire. The features of an assimilation of the Ukrainian officialdom with the Russian administrative personnel are discovered. After liquidation of remnants of the autonomy in the Ukrainian lands from the late XVIII century all spheres of life of the region began to be reorganized according to the Russian model. This process was irreversible. Therefore, the population looked favorably upon the possibility to occupy various positions in the Russian government institutions that made it possible to consolidate your privileged status or achieve it while holding a government post. The government actively used the practice of rewards Ukrainians with ranks (chin) on the basis of the Table of Ranks which provided them with an impression of belonging to the mechanism of government of the Russian Empire. But not everyone wanted to use these ranks, given preferences to the old local grades, considering that old ranks gave them more privileges and liberties than Russian. Assimilative processes were also accelerated due to the relatively high educational level of officials in Ukraine. Dissertation analyses the cultural, educational and age features of the Ukrainian civil officials and their impact on the functioning of the imperial administrative branch. For long period of time the Ukrainian lands were one of the major suppliers of civil servants with an appropriate education for the public institutions of the Russian Empire. This is explained by the presence of the long-established system of spiritual and secular educational institutions and their popularity among the local population. Then age features of civil officials in the Ukrainian lands were dependent on the popularity of the service sector and the socio-historical characteristics of different regions of Ukraine (Left-Bank Ukraine, Right-Bank Ukraine and South Ukraine, the active colonization of which began only in the late XVIII century). The study clarifies the most typical types of abuses and rewards of civil officials; the specifics of their application; the causes of negative phenomena in the bureaucratic environment. The range of offences committed by officials was very broad. From the end of the XVIII century in the Ukrainian lands government officials for the off-grade discharge of their duties and abuses were often punished by fines, dismissals etc. To the guilty officials were applied relatively light sentences awarding of which in many cases was dragged out for a long time or they could be justified at all. This testifies to the efforts of the government to protect “the honour of the regiment” of a civil servant who was actually a representative and bearer of a power at any cost. Rewards on a par with punishments should have been strengthened a bureaucratic system of the Russian Empire. In the Ukrainian lands the most effective and time-tested were awarding with ranks and orders. For example, promotion in rank on the basis of the Table of Ranks in the Ukrainian lands became a mechanism that helped Ukrainian officials to join the bureaucratic system of the Russian Empire. Many of them due to getting ranks and orders were able to meet their social, material and career needs on new socio-political conditions. Over time, the government used more widely monetary incentives, remunerations with commemorative medals, commendations, gifts etc. |
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| Publisher |
Видавництво НПУ імені М.П.Драгоманова
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| Date |
2015-04-09T12:07:21Z
2015-04-09T12:07:21Z 2015 |
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| Type |
Other
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| Identifier |
Дегтярьов С. І. Чиновники цивільних державних установ України (кінець ХVIII – перша половина ХІХ ст.): соціокультурний рівень, система заохочень і покарань: автореф. дис. на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора педагогічних наук зі спеціальності 13.00.03 – корекційна педагогіка. / С. І. Дегтярьов – Національний педагогічний університет імені М.П. Драгоманова – Київ, 2015. – 41 c.
http://enpuir.npu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6733 |
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uk
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