ВИТЯГ НІКЕЛЮ З ВІДХОДУ ГАЛЬВАНІЧНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА СУЛЬФАТОМ АМОНІЮ
Електронний архів E-archive DonNTU – (Electronic archive Donetsk National Technical University)
Переглянути архів Інформація| Поле | Співвідношення | |
| Title |
ВИТЯГ НІКЕЛЮ З ВІДХОДУ ГАЛЬВАНІЧНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА СУЛЬФАТОМ АМОНІЮ
NICKEL EXTRACTION FROM GALVANIC PRODUCTION WASTES BY MEANS OF AMMONIUM SULFATE |
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| Creator |
Мнускина, Юлия Владимировна
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| Subject |
подвійна сіль
співосадження цинку і нікелю відходи гальванічного виробництва нікель цинк кобальт кадмій сульфат амонію сульфат калію double salt coprecipitation of zinc and nickel galvanic production wastes nickel zinc cobalt cadmium ammonium sulfate potassium sulfate |
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| Description |
Досліджено осадження нікелю і цинку з рідкої фази відходу за допомогою сульфату амонію. Вивчено вплив на процес осадження температури процесу, вихідної концентрації іону в розчині, концентрації сірчаної кислоти, також досліджено ефективність осадження сульфатом калію. Визначені оптимальні умови проведення процесу. Досліджено процес співосадження цинку і нікелю сульфатом амонію.
The galvanic production wastes processing stages to extract nickel are presented. First, cadmium is extracted from a prepared source material. The sufficient purity grade cadmium extraction is carried out through electrolysis of sulfuric acid solution as a source material. The main components of source material after electrolysis are cobalt and nickel as well as zinc. One of difficult tasks is separation of cobalt and nickel since they have much resemblance in their properties. This task was solved by oxidation of soluble two-valent cobalt compound into insoluble Со(ОН)3 with pH about 5 by means of chloride lime being added in portions as a dry material or suspension. The main source material component – nickel – is proposed to be precipitated by ammonium sulfate resulting in double salt formation. The influence of ammonium sulfate quantity, temperature, initial nickel ion and sulfuric acid concentration on nickel precipitation efficiency was studied. It was ascertained, that the highest nickel extraction rate is ca. 90-95% whereas neither temperature nor sulfuric acid concentration has any sufficient effect on it. At the same time these parameters greatly influence the required ammonium sulfate quantity. It was ascertained, that using ammonium sulfate results in higher precipitation rate compared to potassium sulfate. Since the source material after liquification contains ca. 10% zinc compared to initial content, the zinc extraction process by means of ammonium sulfate was studied. It was ascertained, that zinc ion precipitation rate makes up 90-93%. The zinc and nickel coprecipitation from sulfuric acid solution was studied. The content of zinc in sediment relates to the content of nickel as ~1:3-1:2. Therefore, the coprecipitation with initial nickel ion concentration of 30 g/l and that of zinc 10 g/l was studied. The highest metal extraction rate is reached at ammonium sulfate concentration of 240 g/l and makes up 97% for nickel and 80% for zinc. To separate double salt mixture, the soft conditions of processing with alkali solution are required (first, solution in smallest possible water quantity, heating, adding sodium hydroxide in small portions). After ammonia distillation and centrifugal separation the sediment contains only nickel in form of nickel hydroxide. Zinc remains in solution after the processing with alkali solution. Obtaining metallic zinc is possible through hydrolysis. So, zinc is being removed in two stages: 90% during the first stage through processing with sodium hydroxide, and the remaining 10% through coprecipitation with nickel and further separation by means of sodium hydroxide. |
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| Date |
2013-04-11T16:29:27Z
2013-04-11T16:29:27Z 2013 |
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| Type |
Article
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| Identifier |
2074-6652
УДК 661.847:669.53546.05:502.1 http://ea.donntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18413 |
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| Relation |
Наукові праці ДонНТУ;Серія: Хімія і хімічна технологія, 2013. - Вип.1(20). - С.166-173
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| Publisher |
Донецк, ДонНТУ
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