ВИТЯГ ЦИНКУ ЛУГОМ З ВІДХОДІВ ГАЛЬВАНИЧНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Електронний архів E-archive DonNTU – (Electronic archive Donetsk National Technical University)
Переглянути архів Інформація| Поле | Співвідношення | |
| Title |
ВИТЯГ ЦИНКУ ЛУГОМ З ВІДХОДІВ ГАЛЬВАНИЧНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
ZINC EXTRACTION FROM GALVANIC PRODUCTION WASTES BY MEANS OF ALKALINE SOLUTION |
|
| Creator |
Мнускина, Юлия Владимировна
|
|
| Subject |
цинк
відходи гальванічного виробництва кадмій нікель кобальт nickel cobalt galvanic production wastes zinc cadmium |
|
| Description |
Досліджено процес витягу цинку з відходу гальванічного виробництва. Визначений склад вихідної сировини, запропоновані стадії її попередньої обробки: термічна, промивка водою, видалення заліза та міді. Розглянута можливість витягу цинку з отриманої концентрованої сировини. Вивчено вплив температури, концентрації лугу і інших факторів на ефективність витягу.
The purpose of this research was to determine the methods for galvanic production wastes processing to extract zinc. Due to substantial humidity the input material is known to have unstable composition depending on sample taking locations and its storage conditions. The base valuable components: zinc, cadmium, nickel, cobalt - are contained as carbonates and hydrocarbonates. Zinc has the largest content in input material, therefore its extraction is of the greatest interest. Iron and copper are also present in the material, although to a much lesser degree. Since the presence of these metals during electrochemical processes is undesirable, they are removed beforehand. The substantial content of sodium sulphate (~15%) and sodium chloride admixture in input material are taken notice of, which are removed from the samples through washing them out due to their water solubility. The next stage is the thermal processing of the input material to remove moisture. There are two possible ways of carrying it out. The first one allows for heating at ~100C. In this case present iron ions are removed as Fe(OH)3 sediment during air passing through the solution. Before the purification from iron compounds the copper release through its cementation, e.g. with iron chips. The second way allows for ignition at ~ 450C. This process has several advantages in spite of much higher energy consumption. Firstly, it allows to convert metal carbonates into much more stable and less soluble compounds, namely MeO, and reduce extracted metal losses during washing-out respectively, provided by it is carried out after ignition. Secondly, the iron ions are converted into sediment as Fe203 or Fe304, which can be separated my mechanical means. Having carried out two previous stages a rather valuable product with high metal content is obtained. Since zinc is an amphoteric metal one of the possible following stages of material processing is zinc extraction by means of alkaline solution. The influence of temperature, reaction time, alkaline solution concentration, material thermal preprocessing and ultrasound on this process was analysed. It was ascertained, that using concentrated alkaline solutions (20-40%) in one stage for washed out and ignited at 450C input material results in zinc extraction rate of ca. 90%. It should be mentioned, that the extraction rate is similar when using KOH as well as NaOH solutions. |
|
| Date |
2013-04-13T13:59:06Z
2013-04-13T13:59:06Z 2013 |
|
| Type |
Article
|
|
| Identifier |
2074-6652
УДК 661.847:669.53546.05:502.1 http://ea.donntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18473 |
|
| Relation |
Наукові праці ДонНТУ;Серія: Хімія і хімічна технологія, 2013. - Вип.2(21). - С.136-144
|
|
| Publisher |
Донецк, ДонНТУ
|
|